Caries is the most common chronic, multifactorial disease in the world today; and little is still known about the genetic factors influencing susceptibility.
Our previous genome- wide linkage scan has identified five loci related to caries susceptibility: 5q In the present study, we fine mapped the 14q Four hundred seventy-seven subjects from 72 pedigrees with similar cultural and behavioral habits and limited access to dental care living in the Philippines were studied.
An additional DNA samples from unrelated individuals were used to determine allele frequencies. For replication purposes, a total of 1, independent subjects from four different populations were analyzed based on their caries experience low versus high. Forty-eight markers in 14q In the Filipino families, statistically significant associations were found between low caries experience and markers in TRAV4.
We were able to replicate these results in the populations studied that were characteristically from underserved areas. Direct sequencing of 22 subjects carrying the associated alleles detect one missense mutation Y30R that is predicted to be probably damaging.
Finally, we observed higher expression in children and teenagers with low caries experience, correlating with specific alleles in TRAV4. Our results suggest TRAV4 may have a role in protecting against caries. The etiology is complex and multifactorial with contributions from external factors like: the host, oral microbial flora, type of diet, shared behaviors, practices and habits within family, and pressures from society Fisher-Owens et al.
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